Note: Perl CPAN ports can now also be created using upt, thanks to a GSoC 2019 project which added a MacPorts backend to upt.
How to create portfiles for CPAN Perl modules
- Audience: Perl users
- Requires additional Perl modules (available as MacPorts perl ports: see step Get cpan2port)
- I assume you are building your modules in a standard location, so commands that will write files in standard locations are preceded with 'sudo'.
- If you are building files in directories you own, leave off the 'sudo' when using these commands.
Introduction
When you find you need a Perl modules from CPAN that does not yet have a MacPorts port, cpan2port can help you create a port file.
Step 1: Set up cpan client
You must have a properly configured cpan client for cpan2port to work. You can either step through the questions, or let it auto-configure.
$ sudo cpan CPAN is the world-wide archive of perl resources. It consists of about [...] Would you like me to configure as much as possible automatically? [yes] ''yes'' [...] cpan shell -- CPAN exploration and modules installation (v1.9301) ReadLine support available (maybe install Bundle::CPAN or Bundle::CPANxxl?) cpan[1]> ^D
Step 2: Find the CPAN package name
$ perl -MCPAN -e shell cpan[1]> m Date::Parse Module id = Date::Parse DESCRIPTION ASCII Date parser using regexp's CPAN_USERID GBARR (Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com>) CPAN_VERSION 2.30 * CPAN_FILE G/GB/GBARR/TimeDate-1.20.tar.gz DSLIP_STATUS Rdpf? (released,developer,perl,functions,) MANPAGE Date::Parse - Parse date strings into time values INST_FILE /opt/local/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.9/Date/Parse.pm INST_VERSION 2.27
Looking at the CPAN_FILE line we see that you want the TimeDate module.
Step 3: Check that port is not available
Perl modules have names of the form p5-modulename.
$ port search p5-timedate
This particular port actually is available, but we'll pretend it isn't.
Step 4: Read up on local port repositories
http://guide.macports.org/chunked/development.local-repositories.html
If you're new to creating ports, reading the guide will help you enter your ~/macports directory in /opt/local/etc/macports/source.conf so port can find your personal ports directory when you do 'port search', or 'port install', etc.
Step 5: Get cpan2port
Install using macports (will automatically install prerequisite Perl modules: p5-list-moreutils, p5-cpan-meta, p5-module-depends, p5-cpan-meta-yaml):
$ sudo port install cpan2port
Or, from a system without macports:
$ mkdir ~/macports $ cd ~/macports $ curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/macports/macports-contrib/master/cpan2port/cpan2port $ chmod u+x cpan2port
Then install the Perl modules (from e.g. CPAN or package manager of choice): List::MoreUtils, CPAN::Meta, Module::Depends, CPAN::Meta::YAML
Step 6: Create the port file
$ mkdir ~/macports $ cd ~/macports $ cpan2port -t Date::Parse [...] TimeDate-1.20/ TimeDate-1.20/ChangeLog [...] trying to find dist in /Users/dtls/.cpan/build/TimeDate-1.20* --- md5: 7da7452bce4c684e4238e6d09b390200 rmd160: 513094a2d2fb3678c1ad893abc28c94d344ec7b8 sha1: 6394cd243e05c3c2073fa73348a4ad90d8d5963e creating perl/p5-timedate/Portfile
Step 7: Fix the Portfile
First you can review the portfile:
$ cd ~/macports/perl/p5-timedate $ cat Portfile
# -*- coding: utf-8; mode: tcl; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*- vim:fenc=utf8:ft=tcl:et:sw=4:ts=4:sts=4 # $Id$ PortSystem 1.0 PortGroup perl5 1.0 perl5.setup TimeDate 1.20 platforms darwin maintainers cpan2port description ASCII Date parser using regexp's extract.suffix .tar.gz master_sites http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/G/GB/GBARR checksums sha1 6394cd243e05c3c2073fa73348a4ad90d8d5963e md5 7da7452bce4c684e4238e6d09b390200 rmd160 513094a2d2fb3678c1ad893abc28c94d344ec7b8
The Portfile as generated is in rough form and not ready for submission as a new or updated port. Please at least check and update the following in the Portfile. Edit the file to make the following changes:
- Check if the port compiles any files or is simply straight perl code. If the latter, then uncomment the following line and delete the comment above it. Otherwise delete the lines entirely.
# Uncomment this line if you know there will be no arch-specific code: #supported_archs noarch
- Find and add the correct license. There is a commented license line that is common to many perl ports.
#license {Artistic-1 GPL}
- Dependencies need to be put into an if block so that they only appear in the sub-ports, not the stub p5 port. See below as an example.
if {${perl5.major} != ""} { depends_lib-append port:p${perl5.major}-digest-md5 \ port:p${perl5.major}-io-compress }
- Check the appropriate perl versions supported by the port. At the time of writing, 5.28 is the current version in use.
perl5.branches 5.28
Step 8: Build the port
$ cd ~/macports/perl/p5-timedate $ sudo port build ---> Computing dependencies for p5-timedate ---> Fetching p5-timedate ---> Attempting to fetch TimeDate-1.20.tar.gz from http://distfiles.macports.org/perl5 ---> Attempting to fetch TimeDate-1.20.tar.gz from http://lil.fr.distfiles.macports.org/perl5 ---> Attempting to fetch TimeDate-1.20.tar.gz from http://aarnet.au.distfiles.macports.org/pub/macports/mpdistfiles/perl5 ---> Attempting to fetch TimeDate-1.20.tar.gz from http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/G/GB/GBARR ---> Verifying checksum(s) for p5-timedate ---> Extracting p5-timedate ---> Configuring p5-timedate ---> Building p5-timedate
If you get an error similar to:
Error: Dependency 'p5.28-timedate' not found.
when trying to build, try the following command
sudo port build subport=p5.28-timedate
Step 9: Update your PortIndex Files
Before you can install your new port, you will need to create/update the PortIndex files in your macports directory.
$ cd ~/macports $ portindex
If you make changes to the Portfile, remember to re-build it:
$ cd ~/macports/perl/p5-timedate $ sudo port build
Step 10: Submitting your Portfile
See https://guide.macports.org/index.html#project.contributing for information about Submitting your Portfile.
See https://guide.macports.org/index.html#development.patches for information about creating a Patch file if you're updating an existing Portfile.